University of Toulouse, Toulouse

University of Toulouse: It was a university in France that was established by papal bull in 1229, making it one of the earliest universitiesto emerge in Europe. Since the closing of the university in 1793 due to the French Revolution, the University of Toulouse no longer exists as a single institution. However, there have been several independent "successor" universities inheriting the name. The current consortium of French universities, grandes écoles and other institutions of higher education and research in Toulouse and the surrounding region is known as Université fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées.